Firaaun, Ek Brahmaandeeya Kadi
1. Pradhaan Sevak
Firaaun, Bible Aur Hollywood Ke Aisho-Aaraam Se Jeene Vaale Nikamme Aur Kroor Taanaashaah Vaali Vikrit Chhavi Ke Vipareet, Eint-Gaare Ke Ghar Me Rahata Tha, Jisake Paas Koyi Raajnaytik Shakti Nahi Thi, Aur Vah Apna Saara Samaya Sanskaaron Aur Balidaanon Ke Maadhyam Se Praakritik Tatha Alaukik Sansaaron Ke Beech Apne Madhyasth Ke Kartavya Ko Nibhaane Me Lagaata Tha. Misr Ke Firaaun Se Senaaon Ka Netritva Kar Fatah Haasil Karane Ki Apeksha Nahi Ki Jaati Thi, Balki Unase Apeksha Hoti Thi Ki Ve Niyamit Samaya Par Bharapoor Fasal Ka Hona Sunishchit Karenge. Unhen Phasalon Se Jod Kar Dekha Jaata, Aur ‘Hamaari Fasal Aur Hamaari Kheti’ Kah Kar Unhen Sambodhit Kiya Jaata Tha.
Firaaun Ka Mukhya Kaarya Mool Roop Se Dhaarmik Tha. Vah Brahmaanda/Neteru/Oorja Ki Shaktiyon Ke Saamane Apni Praja Ka Pratinidhi Tha. Unaka Utthaan Karana Usaki Zimmedaari Thi. Vah Beech Ka Vaahak Tha. Vah Apne Raajya Aur Vahaan Ki Praja Ki Samriddhi Aur Kalyaana Ka Srot Tha. Vah Unaka Taanaashaah Nahi Balki Sevak Tha. Vah Mausam Ki Shuruaat Me Beej Daalata Aur Kataayi Ke Samaya Me Usaka ‘‘Fal’’ Praapt Karata. Apni Praja Ke Kalyaana Ke Liye, Vah Apna Saara Samaya Desh Bhar Ke Mandiron Me Ghoom-Ghoom Kar, Zaroori Anusthaanon Ko Poora Karate Hue Bitaata Tha. Maanyata Thi, Ki Firaaun Ka Shareer Alaukik Shaktiyon Ke Vyaapak Abhyaas Ke Kaarana, Divya Shakti Se Aveshit Ho Jaata Hai, Aur Vah Jis Cheez Ko Chhu Deta Hai, Usame Bhi Vah Shakti Apneaap Pravaahit Ho Jaati Hai.
Ek Neta/Raja Ke Adhikaar, Aur Apni Praja Par Shaashan Karane Ki Usaki Vaidhata, Usaki Praja Ke Sansthaapak Poorvaj Ke Vanshaj Ke Roop Me Usaki Sweekriti Se Nirdhaarit Hoti Thi. Sankshep Me Kaha Jaaye To Vah Vartamaan Aur Ateet Ke Beech Ek Brahmaandeeya Kaadi Tha.
Shaasan Ke Adhikaar Ko Vaidhata Ki Nirantar Shrrinkhala Maana Jaata Tha, Jo Maatrisattaatmak Qaanoonon Par Adhaarit Tha, Jisake Antargat Misr Ke Rajvansh Ki Sabase Badi Ke Dvaara Satta Ek Peedhi Se Agali Peedhi Ko Hastaantarit Hoti Thi. Vah Jisase Bhi Shaadi Karati, Vahi Firaaun Banata. Agar Kisi Raja Ko Beti Nahi Hoti, Tab Ek Naye ‘‘Rajvansh’’ Ka Udaya Ho Jaata. Praacheen Misr Me ‘‘Shaahi Khaoon’’ Jaisi Koyi Cheez Nahi Hoti Thi (Jaisa Ki Adhyaaya 4 Me Bataaya Gaya Hai).
2. Lokashaahi
Firaaun Ka Mukhya Kaarya Praja Ki Samriddhi Aur Kalyaana Sunishchit Karana Tha, Isaliye Usaka Vyavahaar Aur Usaki Jeevan Shaili Nirdhaarit Niyamon Dvaara Niyantrait Hote The. Usake Kartavyon Ki Prakriti Aur Reeti, Ke Baare Me Pavitraa Pustakon Me Niyam Nirdhaarit Kiye Gaye The. Diodorus Ka Kahana Tha Ki Amataur Par Firaaun Ka Jeevan Qaafi Anusaasit Hota Tha. Yahaan Tak Ki Usake Sabase Zayaada Ghanisth Darabaariyon Ne Bhi Use Khaate-Peete Shaayad Hi Dekha Ho. Raja Jab Khaana Khaata To, Behad Gupt Tareeke Se Khaata Tha. Use Bhojan Theek Usi Vidhi Se Parosi Jaati Thi Jis Tarah Pujaari Neteru (Devi, Devataaon) Ko Chadhaava Chadhaate Aur Balidaan Dete The. Use Atikramana Karane Ki Manaahi Thi. Yahaan Tak Ki Usake Bhojan Ke Prakaar Aur Gunvatta Ko Bhi Spasht Taur Par Nirdhaarit Kiya Gaya Tha.
Yahaan Tak Ki Raja Ke Paas Nirdhaarit Niyamon Ko Khaarij Karane Ke Upaaya Bhale Hi Maujood Rahe Hon, Lekin Aisa Karane Par Janata Ke Ahvaan Par Usaki Laash Ko Apamaanapoorvak Usake Maqabare Se Baahar Nikaala Ja Sakata Tha. Mritak Raja Ke Shareer Ko Usake Maqabare Ke Pravesh Dvaar Ke Paas Rakha Jaata Tha, Aur Vahaan Ekatrit Logon Se Poochha Jaata Tha, Ki Kya Kisi Ko Raja Ke Dafan Aaye Jaane Par Par Isaliye Apatti Hai, Ki Usane Apne Kartavyon Ka Paalan Sahi Tarah Se Nahi Kiya. Agar Praja Tez Shoragul Ke Zariye Apna Virodh Dikhaati, To Use Paramparaagat Saarvazanik Antim Sanskaar Aur Usake Maqabare Me Dafan Kiye Jaane Ke Sammaan Se Vnchit Kar Diya Jaata Tha.
Apne Kabristaan Me Dafan Hone Se Vnchit Kar Diye Gaye Firaaun Ke Shareer Ko, Kaheen Aur Dafan Kiye Jaane Ke Adhikaar Se Vnchit Nahi Kiya Jaata Tha. Aise Hi Ek Saamudaayik Kabrastiaan Ko 1876 Me Khoja Gaya Tha, Jo Luxor (Thebes) Me Neel Nadi Ke Pashchimi Tat Par Hatshepsut Ke Smaarak (Jise Galati Se ‘‘Murdaaghar’’ Kaha Jaata Hai) Mandir Ke Bilkul Sate Sthit Hai. Isame 40 Aise Firaaunon, Raaniyon Aur Raeeson Ki Mummyiaan Shaamil Theen, Jinaka Pradarshan Aam Praja Ke Liye Asntosajanak Tha. In Khaarij Kar Diye Gaye Firaaunon Me Amenhotep Pratham, Tut Homosis Dviteeya Aur Triteey, Seti Pratham, Ramesses Pratham Aur Triteeya Jaise Jaane-Pahachaane Aur Prabhaavashaali Logon Ki Mummyiaan Shaamil Hain.
Nirdesh Ki Pustak Men, Ek Misri Raja Apne Rajakumaar Bete, Ko Sarvottam Guno Ko Haasil Karane Ki Salaah Deta Hai, Kyonki Jab Usaki Maut Hogi To Use Pal Bhar Me Hi Apna Poora Jeevan Dikh Jaayega, Tatha Nyayedheeshon Dvaara Usake Dharati Ke Pradarshan Ki Sameeksha Hogi Aur Moolyaankan Kiya Jaayega. Yahaan Tak Ki Chhathaven Rajvansh (2323 B.C.) Jitane Praacheen Samaya Me Bhi, Hame Yah Soch Milati Hai Ki Swarg, Un Logon Ke Liye Arakshit Hai, Jin Logon Ne Dharati Par Insaanon Aur Divya Shaktiyon Ke Prati Apne Kartavyon Ka Pradarshan Kiya. Raja Ho Ya Koyi Aur, Isame Koyi Bhi Apavaad Nahi Tha. Is Prakaar, Unas Ke Lekh Me Ham Padhate Hain:
Dharati Ke Insaanon Ne Unas Ke Khilaaf Koyi Arop Nahi Lagaaya, Us Par Swarg Me Neteru (Devi-Devataaon) Ke Samaksh Paap Ka Arop Nahi Laga.
Yah Lekh Hame Bataata Hai Ki Firaaun Unas (2323 B.C.) Ko Usaki Naitik Yogyataa—Jo Insaanon Aur Ishwar, Dono Ke Prati Sntosajanak The—Ke Kaaran Swarg Me Sthaan Mila.
3. Vijeta Raja
Yah Sabhi Maanate Hain Ki Misravaasi (Praacheen Aur Vartamaan) Gairaladaaku Hote Hain. Isaliye Misr Ki Dilachaspi Saamraajya Banaane, Aur Sainik Gatividhiyon Me Bilkul Nahi Rahi. Misr Ki Dilachaspi Keval Un Shatruon Ke Daman Me Thi, Jinase Usaki Suraksha Ko Khatara Hota Tha. Misr Ko Aise Kamon Ke Liye Lagabhag Poori Tarah Se Kiraaye Ke Videshi Sainikon Par Bharosa Karana Padata Tha. Naye Saamraajya Ke Rajaon Ne Sanghars Se Bachane Ke Liye Videshi Rajakumaariyon Ke Saath Vivaah Aur Kootaneeti Ka Upayog Kiya Tha, Aise Me Bal Prayog Keval Tab Hi Kiya Jaata Tha Jab Saare Upaaya Asafal Ho Jaate The.
Praacheen Misravaasiyon Ke Liye Theek Shatarnj Ke Niyamon Jaise Hi, Yuddh Ke Bhi Kathor Niyam Hote The. Ve Vaastav Me Sabhya Log The. Yuddh Ka Gahara Dhaarmik Mahatva Tha. Yah Arajakata Ko Niyantrait Vaali Vyavastha Aur Andhere Par Prakaash Ke Vijaya Ka Prateek Tha.
Praacheen Misr Ke Mandiron, Kabron Aur Lekhon Men, Maanaveeya Vikaaron Ko Videshiyon Ke Roop Me Darshaaya Gaya Hai (Shareer Beemaar Hai Kyonki Usapar Videshi Rogaanauon Dvaara Akramana Kiya Gaya Hai). Antarik Atm-Niyantrana Ko Chitrit Karane Ke Liye, Videshiyon Ko Paraajit Roop Me—Peeth Par Bandhe Hathiyaaron Ke Saath—Chitrit Gaya Hai. Atm-Niyantrana Ka Sabase Jvalant Udaaharan Praacheen Misr Ke Mandiron Ki Baahari Deevaaron Par, Firaaun (Aadarsh Maanav) Ka Saamaanyaa Chitraan Hai, Jo Videshi Dushmanon—Antarik Shatruon (Ashuddhiyon)—Ko Niyantrait Kar Raha Hai.
‘‘Yuddh’’ Ka Yahi Drishya Samooche Desh Ke Mandiron Me Doharaaya Gaya Hai, Isaliye Zaroori Nahi Ki Yah Kisi Vaastavik Aitihaasik Ghatana Ka Chitraan Ho, Balki Isase Isaki Prateekaatmakata Jhalakati Hai. ‘‘Yuddh’’ Ke Drishya Paap Aur Punaya Ke Beech Kabhi Na Khatm Hone Vaale Dvnd Ke Prateek Hain. Zyaadatar Maamalon Me Yuddh Ke Aise Drishyon Ka Koyi Aitihaasik Adhaar Nahi Hai, Chaahe Koyi Niyat Tithi Hi Kyaan Na Di Gayi Ho. Jaise Ki Luxor (Thebes) Me Neel Nadi Ke Pashchimi Kinaare Par Sthit Madeena Haabu Ke Mandir Me Chitrit Yuddh Ke Drishya Theek Aise Hi Hain.
Pashchimi Pandait, In Drisyon Ki Adhyaatmik Sachchaayi Ko Samajhane Me Asamarth Rahe, Aur In Adhyaatmik Avadhaaranaaon Ko Aitihaasik Ghatanaayen ‘‘Banaa’’ Diya. Prasiddh ‘‘Kaadesh Ka Yuddh’’ Vaastav Me Ek Vyaktigat Prahassan Hai, Jisame Ek Rajapurus (Ham Sab Ke Andar Maujood Raja) Akele Dam Par Apne Andar Ke Avyavastha Aur Andhakaar Ko Khatm Karata Hai. Kaadesh Ka Matalab Paavan/Pavitraa Hota Hai. Isaliye, Kaadesh Ki Ladaayi Antarik Sanghars Ka Prateek Hai—Vah Dharmayuddh Jo Har Ek Ke Andar Jaari Hai.
[इसका एक अंश:प्राचीन मिश्री संस्कृति का रहस्योद्घाटन - विस्तारित द्वितीय संस्कार द्वार लिखित मुस्तफा गदाल्ला]