{"id":46906,"date":"2019-04-14T13:21:31","date_gmt":"2019-04-14T17:21:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/the-egyptian-alphabetic-writing-styles\/"},"modified":"2022-12-29T13:01:40","modified_gmt":"2022-12-29T18:01:40","slug":"the-egyptian-alphabetic-writing-styles","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/hi\/the-egyptian-alphabetic-writing-styles\/","title":{"rendered":"Misr Kee Varnanaatmak Lekhan Shailiyaan"},"content":{"rendered":"<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"> [anuvaad lambit hai]<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">[Devanaagaree mein upalabdh hai: \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930\u0940-\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928-\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930.\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924]<\/span><\/h5>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092e\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>1. \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092e\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0941\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u091c\u0948\u0938\u093e \u0915\u093f \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0924\u0925\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926, \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0917\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 &#039;\u0939\u093f\u0930\u093e\u091f\u093f\u0915&#039; \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940, \u0914\u0930 &quot;\u0930\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0938\u0940&quot; \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u092a\u0924\u093f\u0924 &quot;\u0939\u093f\u0930\u093e\u091f\u093f\u0915&quot; \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0924\u0928 \u0925\u0940! \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0917\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u093f \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0908\u0938\u093e\u0907\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 &quot;\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915&quot; \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092e\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0943\u0924 &quot;\u0930\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0938\u0940&quot; \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u0935\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0902! \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0924\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\u0964 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0926\u0941\u0917\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0948:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">1. \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092e\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">2. \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e <em>\u0905\u0938\u0932\u0940 <\/em>&quot;\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930&quot; \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930.<\/p>\n<p>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092e\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u091c\u0917\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>i. The Erroneously-called &#8220;Hieratic&#8221; Script<\/strong><\/span> is claimed, by Western academians, to be a unique form of cursive writing of the Egyptian Language. It is further claimed by Western academians that this \u201cunique\u201d style was used extensively by the priests for literary or religious texts as well as for business and personal documents.<\/p>\n<p>&quot;\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927&quot; \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0915 \u0939\u0948 <em>\u092a\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\/\u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915, <\/em>\u0914\u0930 \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u0915\u094b &quot;\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927&quot; \u0915\u0939\u0928\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u093e\u092d\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092a\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\/\u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948! \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0915\u094b &quot;\u092a\u0926\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0924&quot; \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948; \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0925\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u091f\u0941\u0915\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0913\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0939\u0940 \u092c\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0932\u0917\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u092c\u0932 \u092d\u0940!!<\/p>\n<p>\u092b\u093f\u0930 \u092d\u0940, \u092c\u094b\u0924\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u092c\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\/\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0937\u094d\u0920 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948!<\/p>\n<p>\u092f\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0924\u0915 \u0915\u093f \u0913\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u0940 [\u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948] \u0936\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0905\u0915\u093e\u0926\u092e\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0917\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u0947 &quot;\u0939\u093e\u0907\u0930\u093e\u091f\u093f\u0915&quot; \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948! \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u0913\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 [\u0917\u0948\u0930-\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0937\u094d\u0920\/\u092a\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930] \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">- \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0930\u093f\u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921, \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u092a\u0928, \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0930\u093f\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0964<br \/>\n- \u0915\u093e\u092e\u0917\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902, \u0930\u093e\u0936\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940\u0964<br \/>\n- \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0906\u0917\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0930\u093f\u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921\u0964<br \/>\n- \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0916\u0928\u0928 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0930\u094b\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930\u0964<br \/>\n- \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0926\u0948\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u093f\u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921\u0964<br \/>\n- \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0938\u0964<br \/>\n- \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0941\u0936\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0915\u0941\u0936\u0932 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0930\u094b\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930\u0964<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/eu-ch6-1-96c-1.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1373 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/eu-ch6-1-96c-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"384\" height=\"101\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>. . .<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f. \u090f\u0928\u091a\u094b\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932\/\u0921\u0947\u092e\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u091f<\/strong><\/span> is claimed by Western academians to be a unique form of cursive writing of the Egyptian Language. It is further claimed by Western academies that this \u201cunique\u201d style was used for everyday affairs, for the Ancient Egyptians. It is claimed by Western academians that it was kind of a very cursive shorthand for rapid writing which was replete with ligatures, abbreviations and other orthographic peculiarities. As such, these academies claim that the demotic record is dominated by legal, administrative, and commercial material, literary compositions, scientific and even \u201creligious texts\u201d which were written in a more calligraphic hand.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/eu-ch6-2-96c-1.jpg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1374 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/eu-ch6-2-96c-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"269\" height=\"458\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u092f\u0926\u093f \u0905\u0915\u093e\u0926\u092e\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0926\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938 \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 &quot;\u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925\u094b\u0902&quot; \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925-\u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0947\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u0924\u094b \u0907\u0938 \u0926\u094d\u0930\u0941\u0924 \u092a\u093e\u0920\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0915\u094b &quot;\u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0939\u0948&quot;<em>\u0915\u093c\u094c\u092e\u0940<\/em>&quot;\u091c\u092c \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e <em>\u092a\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\/\u092a\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 <\/em>\u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f?!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>. . .<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>iii. \u0915\u0949\u092a\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f<\/strong><\/span> is claimed by Western academians to be a unique form of cursive writing of the Egyptian Language. It is further stated by Western academies by sheer repetition (and contrary to facts), that a \u201cCoptic\u201d form of writing was developed about 300 CE for the use of the Christian population in Egypt which consisted of the letters of the Greek alphabet with an additional six characters (derived from the Ancient Egyptian demotic script) to express sounds that were peculiar to the Egyptian language!Shown below is &#8220;Coptic script&#8221; from the Nag Hammadi Codices . It is written in uncials and has the same exact Ancient Egyptian letter-forms thousands of years before the Greek era.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/eu-ch6-3-96c-1.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1375 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/eu-ch6-3-96c-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"235\" height=\"135\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0924\u0925\u093e\u0915\u0925\u093f\u0924 &quot;\u0915\u0949\u092a\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915&quot;\/&quot;\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915&quot; \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u092c \u0935\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0948\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930 \u0906\u090f \u0925\u0947, \u0924\u092c \u092f\u0942\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u0928 \u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924\u0964<\/p>\n<p>17 \u092e\u0947\u0902<sup>\u0935\u093e\u0902<\/sup> \u0938\u0926\u0940, \u092b\u093e\u0926\u0930 \u0905\u0925\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0938\u093f\u092f\u0938 \u0915\u093f\u0930\u091a\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f &quot;\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915&quot; \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925\u0940 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u092c\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0909\u092a\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0909\u0921\u093c\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>2. \u0938\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0940 \u0926\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092e\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/strong><strong> [Uncials And Cursive] <\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0905\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091c\u0947\u0902\u0921\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u0947\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f, \u092e\u0947\u0902 <em>\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092e\u0947\u091f\u093e \u092c\u0941\u0915 \u0935\u0940<\/em>, \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f IV, \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092e\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948; \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0939\u0940 \u0905\u0938\u0902\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0938\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><strong><em>\u201c\u0905\u092c \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u093e <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0939 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940<\/span> \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u090f\u092a\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0932\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092b\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/em><\/strong>[\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0935 \u092f\u093e\u0928\u0940 &#039;\u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0936\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906&#039;]<strong><em>; <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u093e, \u0939\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u094b\u0939\u093f\u0924\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902<\/span>; \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f,...<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>&#8220;<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0924\u0940\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941, \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0906\u0926\u093f \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n<p>\u0915\u094d\u0932\u0947\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u092d\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u0915\u093f \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 &quot;\u092a\u0926\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0924&quot; \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u0915\u093e &quot;\u0918\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0926\u093e\u0930&quot; \u092f\u093e &quot;\u0905\u092a\u092d\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0936&quot; \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0925\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u0947\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0928\u0947 \u0935\u0939\u0940 \u0926\u094b\u0939\u0930\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u094b \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0936\u0947\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e: \u0915\u093f \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 - \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915, \u0906\u0932\u0902\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0942\u092a\u0915\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0924\u094b \u0905\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091c\u0947\u0902\u0921\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u0947\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0928\u0947 \u0926\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092e\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u092e\u094b\u0921 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902 - \u090f\u0915 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942\/\u0906\u092e\/\u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u093e \u091c\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u091c\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u0918\u0938\u0940\u091f \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u092a\u0941\u0930\u094b\u0939\u093f\u0924\u0940 [\u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915] \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">\u090f\u0915 \u0924\u0930\u0932 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925, \u0917\u094b\u0932\u093e\u0915\u093e\u0930,<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">\u091a\u094c\u0915\u094b\u0930, \u091f\u0947\u0922\u093c\u093e, \u0916\u0902\u0921\u093f\u0924<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0905\u0928\u0938\u093f\u092f\u0932 - \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0947 \u0917\u090f \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0939\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0928\u093e [\u0915\u0941\u092b\u093f\u0915]<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0914\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915\/\u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0932\u093f\u0916\u0928\u093e \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">\u092a\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0928<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u0947 [\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0928\u093f\u0930\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\/\u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915]<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u0947<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0909\u0928 \u092a\u093e\u0920\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u094b \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u092e\u0930\u093e\u0939 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0939\u092e \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e-\u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0938 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u092e\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0938\u093e\u092b\u093c-\u0938\u0941\u0925\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940<\/strong> <\/span>[\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u091c\u0917\u0924 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0917\u093c\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0947 &quot;\u092a\u0926\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0924&quot; \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0947\u092c\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e]<\/p>\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928\u0940, \u092a\u0947\u0936\u0947\u0935\u0930 [\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e] \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0926\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0947\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u090f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0915\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0930\u0942\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 [\u0907\u0938 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u0940]\u0964<\/p>\n<p>\u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0918\u0938\u0940\u091f \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939, \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u093f\u0924\/\u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u093e \u0915\u093f \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u092f\u0939 \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0924\u092c \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u092c \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 (\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940, \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e) \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/eu-ch6-5-96c-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1376 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/eu-ch6-5-96c-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"365\" height=\"163\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u090a\u092a\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u092c\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 (\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e) &quot;\u0939\u093e\u0907\u0930\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0915&quot; \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u092e\u0942\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u093e \u0915\u093f \u090f\u092c\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u092a\u0947\u092a\u093f\u0930\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u092c\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u092c\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 (\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e) &quot;\u0921\u0947\u092e\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f&quot; \u091c\u0948\u0938\u093e \u0926\u093f\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948!<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f. \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0918\u0938\u0940\u091f \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940<\/strong><\/span> [\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0917\u093c\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u0947 &quot;\u0930\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0938\u0940&quot; \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0932\u0947\u092c\u0932 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e]<\/p>\n<p>Scripts that are not intended to be of public records but for business and everyday affairs were not confined to any set standard [calligraphic] form(s) and were not executed by official scribes.<\/p>\n<p>\u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902\/\u0926\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0947\u091c\u094b\u0902\/\u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p>\u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0918\u0938\u0940\u091f \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939, \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u093f\u0924\/\u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u093e \u0915\u093f \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u092f\u0939 \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0924\u092c \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u092c \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u094d\u0930 (\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940, \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e) \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p>\u091a\u0942\u0901\u0915\u093f \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0917\u0948\u0930-\u092a\u0947\u0936\u0947\u0935\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0902, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f, \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u093e\u0935\u0932\u0940, \u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930\/\u092f\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0915\u094d\u092f-\u0935\u093f\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0924\u092d\u0947\u0926 \u0925\u0947 - \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0942\u0932\u0940 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f; \u091c\u0948\u0938\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0935\u091f \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u0939\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n<p>\u091c\u0948\u0938\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092e \u0925\u093e, \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092c\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0915\u0930 \u0909\u0928 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u091c\u094b \u092c\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #ff0000;\"><strong>iii. \u092a\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\/\u092a\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940<\/strong><\/span> [\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u091c\u0917\u0924 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0917\u093c\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u0947 &quot;\u0915\u0949\u092a\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915&quot; \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0932\u0947\u092c\u0932 \u0932\u0917\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e]<\/p>\n<p>\u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 [\u091c\u0948\u0938\u093e \u0915\u093f \u090a\u092a\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u0947\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0941\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948] \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0938\u093f\u0905\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e - \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092e\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0938\u0902\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0917\u0948\u0930-\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0930\u0942\u092a\u0964 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u093e \u0915\u093f \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092e\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 [\u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 &quot;\u0905\u0930\u092c\u0940&quot; \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0949\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e] \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0939\u0948\u0902 - \u091c\u093f\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0905\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930-\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p>\u0924\u092e\u093e\u092e \u0905\u0915\u093e\u0926\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u094b\u0930\/\u0926\u093e\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926, \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092d\u0940 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0920 \u0909\u0938 \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0917\u093c\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u0947 &quot;\u0939\u093f\u0930\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0915&quot; \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0926\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f \u090f\u0915 \u0918\u0938\u0940\u091f \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p>\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u092c\u0926\u0932 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f &quot;\u0915\u0949\u092a\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915&quot; \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947\u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 &quot;\u0921\u0947\u092e\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092e\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947&quot; \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0918\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e! \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0928\u0917\u0922\u093c\u0902\u0924 \u0926\u093e\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092d\u0940 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u093f\u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>[Excerpts from Ancient Egyptian Universal Writing Modes by Moustafa Gadalla]<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/hi-ro.egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2019\/02\/cover-eu-225x338-225x338.jpg\" alt=\"\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u092d\u094c\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u092e\u094b\u0921\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[anuvaad lambit hai] [Devanaagaree mein upalabdh hai: \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930\u0940-\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928-\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930.\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924] The Egyptian Alphabetic Writing Styles &nbsp; 1. The Devious Western Categorization Of Egyptian Alphabetical [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-46906","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/46906","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=46906"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/46906\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=46906"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}