{"id":20794,"date":"2019-03-07T11:40:12","date_gmt":"2019-03-07T16:40:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/%e5%9f%83%e5%8f%8a%e5%ad%97%e6%af%8d%e9%a1%ba%e5%ba%8f%e5%86%99%e4%bd%9c%e5%bd%a2%e5%bc%8f\/"},"modified":"2023-01-09T06:26:11","modified_gmt":"2023-01-09T11:26:11","slug":"%e5%9f%83%e5%8f%8a%e5%ad%97%e6%af%8d%e9%a1%ba%e5%ba%8f%e5%86%99%e4%bd%9c%e5%bd%a2%e5%bc%8f","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/zh\/%e5%9f%83%e5%8f%8a%e5%ad%97%e6%af%8d%e9%a1%ba%e5%ba%8f%e5%86%99%e4%bd%9c%e5%bd%a2%e5%bc%8f\/","title":{"rendered":"\u57c3\u53ca\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u5199\u4f5c\u5f62\u5f0f"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u57c3\u53ca\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u5199\u4f5c\u5f62\u5f0f<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>1. \u57c3\u53ca\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u65f6\u4ee3 <\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u5927\u591a\u6570\u73b0\u4ee3\u897f\u65b9\u5b66\u8005\u660e\u786e\u548c\u542b\u84c4\u5730\u7533\u660e, \u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u5b57\u6bcd (\u548c\u8bed\u8a00) \u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u3002 \u5728\u4ed6\u7684<em>\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u4eba\u7684\u6587\u5b66<\/em>\u300b\u4e2d, \u5fb7\u56fd\u57c3\u53ca\u5b66\u5bb6\u963f\u9053\u592b\u00b7\u57c3\u5c14\u66fc\u627f\u8ba4:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>&#8220;<strong>\u53ea\u6709\u57c3\u53ca\u4eba\u6ce8\u5b9a\u8981\u91c7\u53d6\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u51e1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5, \u7136\u540e\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5199\u4f5c\u5f62\u5f0f, \u5373\u5b57\u6bcd\u8868\u3002 . .&#8221;<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u82f1\u56fd\u57c3\u53ca\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u00b7\u76ae\u7279\u91cc\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c<em>\u300a\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u300b<\/em>\u4e2d\u603b\u7ed3\u9053:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><em>&#8220;\u4ece\u53f2\u524d\u65f6\u671f\u5f00\u59cb, \u57c3\u53ca\u80af\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u7ebf\u6027\u7b26\u53f7\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u8349\u4e66\u7cfb\u7edf, \u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u591a\u6837\u6027\u548c\u533a\u522b\u3002<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u8a00\u65b9\u9762\u6700\u6770\u51fa\u7684\u6743\u5a01, \u827e\u8428\u514b\u00b7\u6cf0\u52d2, \u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u4e66<em>\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u5386\u53f2,<\/em>\u7b2c1\u5377, \u7b2c62\u9875:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><strong><em>&#8220;\u5728\u57c3\u53ca\u7eaa\u5ff5\u7891\u4e0a\u53d1\u73b0\u5b57\u6bcd\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u975e\u5e38\u65e9, \u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u4ee4\u4eba\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u548c\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002 \u5b83\u975e\u5e38\u4ee4\u4eba\u611f\u5174\u8da3, \u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u5b57\u6bcd\u8868\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u8d77\u70b9, \u786e\u7acb<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u4e86\u5b57\u6bcd\u8868\u5b57\u6bcd\u6bd4\u91d1\u5b57\u5854\u66f4\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u65ad\u8a00\u7684\u5b57\u9762\u771f\u7406&#8211;\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u7eaa\u5ff5\u7891\u90fd\u8981\u53e4\u8001\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u6587\u660e.<\/span> <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u827e\u8428\u514b\u00b7\u6cf0\u52d2, \u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u4e66<em>\u300a\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u300b<\/em>\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377, pg\u3002 64, \u5199\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u57c3\u53ca\u56fd\u738b\u88ab\u9001:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><strong><em>&#8220;\u56fd\u738b\u53d1\u9001, \u5728\u5176\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0b\u7684\u5b57\u6bcd\u5b57\u7b26\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u4f7f\u7528, \u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u516c\u5143\u524d4000\u5e74\u81f34700\u5e74\u4e4b\u95f4<\/span>\u3002 \u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u8bb6, \u5fc5\u987b\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u662f,<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u5c3c\u7f57\u6cb3\u6d41\u57df\u56fe\u5f62\u827a\u672f\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u4ece\u73b0\u5728\u5f00\u59cb, \u5fc5\u987b\u63a8\u8fdf\u5230\u4e03\u516b\u5343\u5e74\u7684\u65e5\u671f.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5f88\u660e\u663e, \u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u51e0\u5343\u5e74\u524d\u7684 &#8220;\u897f\u5948\u811a\u672c&#8221; [\u89c1\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bdd\u9898\u7684\u540e\u9762\u4e00\u7ae0]\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4ed6<em>\u7684\u4e66\u300a\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u300b<\/em>\u4e2d, w. m. \u5f17\u6797\u5fb7\u00b7\u76ae\u7279\u91cc\u6536\u96c6\u5e76\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u4ece\u57c3\u53ca\u65e9\u671f\u53f2\u524d\u65f6\u4ee3\u5230\u5e0c\u814a\u548c\u7f57\u9a6c\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5b57\u6bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002 \u76ae\u7279\u91cc\u8fd8\u4ece\u5c0f\u4e9a\u7ec6\u4e9a\u3001\u5e0c\u814a\u3001\u610f\u5927\u5229\u3001\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u548c\u6b27\u6d32\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u768425\u4e2a\u5730\u70b9\u6c47\u7f16\u4e86 (\u6765\u81ea\u51e0\u4f4d\u72ec\u7acb\u5b66\u8005) \u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u5b57\u6bcd\u8868\u3002 \u6240\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u6bd4\u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u4eba\u6309\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\u7684\u5b57\u6bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\u5e74\u8f7b\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>petrie \u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u6bcd\u8868\u7684\u5217\u8868\u8868\u660e:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">1. \u81ea\u738b\u671d\u524d (7 000\u591a\u5e74\u524d) \u4ee5\u6765, \u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u6bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u4f55\u5730\u65b9\u4e4b\u524d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">2. \u5728 5 000\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u6062\u590d\u7684\u6700\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u6240\u8c13\u57c3\u53ca &#8220;\u5f92\u6b65\u6587\u5b57&#8221; \u4e2d, \u6240\u6709\u6309\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\u7684\u5b57\u6bcd\u8868\u90fd\u6709\u660e\u663e\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">3. \u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u4eba\u7684\u5b57\u6bcd\u8868\u8868\u540e\u6765\u88ab\u91c7\u7528, \u5e76\u4f20\u64ad\u7ed9\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>2. \u72ec\u7279\u7684\u524d\u5e0c\u514b\u7d22\u65af\u57c3\u53ca\u5b57\u6bcd\u7eb8\u5c45\u5229 <\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5fb7\u56fd\u57c3\u53ca\u5b66\u5bb6\u963f\u9053\u592b\u00b7\u57c3\u5c14\u66fc\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a<em>\u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u300b<\/em>\u7b2c339\u9875\u5199\u9053:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><strong><em>&#8220;\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u65e7\u738b\u56fd<\/em><\/strong>[\u516c\u5143\u524d2575-2040\u5e74]<strong><em> \u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u8349\u4e66\u624b\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u53d1\u660e\u7528\u4e8e\u65e5\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528, \u6240\u8c13\u7684 hieratic\u3002<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u827e\u8428\u514b\u00b7\u6cf0\u52d2\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c<em>\u300a\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u300b<\/em>\u4e2d, \u7b2c1\u5377, \u7b2c94\u9875\u548c\u7b2c95\u9875, \u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u5e0c\u514b\u7d22\u65af\u65f6\u671f\u4e4b\u524d\u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u53e4\u8001\u738b\u56fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u4e09\u672c\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u7a3f [257-1783] [c.1600 \u516c\u5143\u524d], \u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u6e05\u695a\u548c\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u5b57\u6bcd\u8349\u4e66\u811a\u672c\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u7eb8\u838e\u8349\u5728\u5199\u4f5c\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u98ce\u683c\u548c\u6574\u9f50\u8349\u4e66\u4e2d\u4e2a\u522b\u5b57\u6bcd\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0a\u57fa\u672c\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u5b57\u6bcd\u5199\u4f5c [hieratic] \u6e05\u695a\u5730\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u8349\u4e66\u5b57\u7b26: \u9ed1\u8272, \u5706\u5f62, \u548c\u5927\u80c6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e09\u672c\u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u624b\u7a3f\u662f\u7531<\/p>\n<p>\u827e\u8428\u514b\u00b7\u6cf0\u52d2\u662f:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">1. lepsius \u6559\u6388\u624b\u4e2d\u7684\u57c3\u53ca\u624b\u7a3f, \u5176\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u5409\u8428\u5927\u91d1\u5b57\u5854\u3001\u80e1\u592b [cheops] \u548c\u5b5f\u83f2\u65af\u65e9\u671f\u671d\u4ee3\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u738b\u7684\u5efa\u9020\u8005 [\u516c\u5143 269-2465]\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">2. \u65e9\u671f\u6309\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u6574\u9f50\u7684\u8349\u4e66\u4e66\u5199\u7684\u6700\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u6807\u672c\u662f\u8457\u540d\u7684\u7eb8\u838e\u8349, \u8fd9\u662f\u7531 m. prisse d &#8216; avennes \u5728\u5e95\u6bd4\u65af\u83b7\u5f97\u7684, \u7531\u4ed6\u4ea4\u7ed9\u5df4\u9ece\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u3002 \u8fd9\u4efd\u624b\u7a3f\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a &#8220;\u7eb8\u838e\u8349\u68f1\u955c&#8221;\u3002 1847\u5e74, \u300a\u666e\u91cc\u65af\u300b\u5728\u4f20\u771f\u4e2d\u53d1\u8868, \u753118\u9875\u7684\u5168\u957f\u7684\u5b57\u6bcd\u8349\u4e66\u4e66\u5199\u7ec4\u6210, \u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u7f8e\u611f\u65e0\u4e0e\u4f26\u6bd4, \u4eba\u7269\u975e\u5e38\u5927, \u4e30\u6ee1\u800c\u575a\u5b9a\u3002 \u7eb8\u838e\u8349\u672b\u7aef\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u58f0\u660e\u8868\u660e, \u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u539f\u4f5c\u7684\u526f\u672c, \u58f0\u79f0\u662f\u7531 ptah-hotep \u738b\u5b50\u521b\u4f5c\u7684, \u4ed6\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u7b2c\u4e94\u738b\u671d\u7684\u56fd\u738b assa \u7edf\u6cbb\u65f6\u671f [2465-2323]\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">3. \u5728\u67cf\u6797\u535a\u7269\u9986, \u5728\u57c3\u53ca\u56fd\u738b Amenemhat \u548c Usurtasen \u65f6\u671f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b hieratic \u7eb8\u838e\u8349\u7684\u788e\u7247, \u4ed6\u4eec\u5c5e\u4e8e Hyksos \u5165\u4fb5\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u7b2c\u5341\u4e8c\u4e2a\u738b\u671d [1991-1783\u5e74]\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f<\/strong><strong>\u7eb8\u838e\u8349\u68f1\u955c\u7684\u4f20\u771f<\/strong><strong>, \u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u516c\u8ba4\u7684\u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9, \u5b57\u6bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5b8c\u5168\u50cf\u5b57\u6bcd\u5f62\u5f0f.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/eu-ch1-2-96c-1.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1369 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/eu-ch1-2-96c-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"307\" height=\"137\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"gmail_default\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u57c3\u53ca\u7eb8\u838e\u8349\u7684\u6269\u5927\u90e8\u5206, \u663e\u793a\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b57\u6bcd\u5f62\u5f0f, \u6bcf\u4e2a\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u5c06\u91c7\u53d6, \u8bc1\u636e\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u6574\u4e2a\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u3002<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><a href=\"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/eu-ch1-3-96c-1.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1365 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/eu-ch1-3-96c-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"269\" height=\"124\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"gmail_default\">\u5176\u4ed6\u65e9\u671f\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u3002 \u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u51e0\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b:<\/div>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">1. \u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u5be1\u5987\u7684\u4fe1, \u5199\u5728\u4e9a\u9ebb\u5e03, \u57c3\u53ca\u535a\u7269\u9986, \u5f00\u7f57, je25975 \u660e\u786e\u7684\u5b57\u6bcd\u4ece\u65e7\u738b\u56fd\u65f6\u4ee3 [\u516c\u5143\u524d255-2040]\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/eu-ch1-4-96c-1.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1366 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/eu-ch1-4-96c-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"269\" height=\"172\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">2. \u8fd9\u662f\u5728 el-lahun \u9547\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u5411 senwosret iii \u7684\u4e94\u9996\u8d5e\u7f8e\u8bd7\u5468\u671f\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u9996\u3002 \u300a senwosret iii \u300b\u7684\u8d5e\u7f8e\u8bd7\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b89\u6392, \u5199\u4e8e [1991-1783\u5e74] \u5e74\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/eu-ch1-5-96c-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1367 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/eu-ch1-5-96c-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"384\" height=\"159\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">3. \u8fd9\u91cc\u663e\u793a\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u662f\u5bfa\u5e99\u7763\u5bfc\u5458\u7ed9 el-lahun nubkaura \u5bfa\u7684\u8bb2\u5e08\u7267\u5e08\u7684\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55 (1897-1878\u5e74 senwosret ii \u671f\u95f4), \u901a\u77e5\u4ed6\u5c0f\u5929\u72fc\u661f\u5c06\u5728\u7b2c4\u4e2a\u6708\u768416\u65e5\u4e0a\u5347, \u4ee5\u4fbf\u8bb0\u4e0b\u5176\u786e\u5207\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u65f6\u95f4, \u5c06\u5176\u8f93\u5165\u5bfa\u5e99\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/eu-ch1-6aa.-1-96c-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1368 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/eu-ch1-6aa.-1-96c-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"307\" height=\"92\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">4. \u5173\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u4e3b\u9898\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u51e0\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u6837\u672c\u53ef\u5728 r. b. parkinson \u7684\u4e66 [\u89c1\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u4e66\u76ee]\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">5. \u5176\u4ed6\u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u7eb8\u7eb8, \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3, \u5404\u79cd\u4e3b\u9898\u90fd\u6709\u6574\u9f50\u7684\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e66\u5199, \u5728\u7a46\u65af\u5854\u6cd5\u00b7\u52a0\u8fbe\u62c9\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u51fa\u7248\u7269\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u63d0\u5230, \u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u57c3\u53ca\u6587\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\u4e2d\u90fd\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>3. \u70df\u96fe\u653e\u6620\u6570\u4ee5\u5343\u8ba1\u7684\u57c3\u53ca\u5b57\u6bcd\u5199\u4f5c<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u5927\u7684\u70df\u5e55\u9690\u85cf\u7740 (\u53e4\u4ee3) \u57c3\u53ca\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e66\u5199\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002 \u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u57c3\u53ca\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a\u8c61\u5f62\u6587\u5b57\u7684 &#8220;\u539f\u59cb\u56fe\u7247&#8221; \u7684\u96c6\u5408\u3002 \u4ed6\u4eec\u9690\u7792\u4e86\u57c3\u53ca\u5b57\u6bcd\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u827e\u4f26\u00b7\u5609\u4e01\u7eb3\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c<em>\u300a\u57c3\u53ca\u8bed\u6cd5\u300b<\/em>\u4e2d\u8bd5\u56fe &#8220;\u5408\u7406\u5316&#8221; \u4ed6\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u9690\u7792\u57c3\u53ca\u5b57\u6bcd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><strong><em>&#8220;\u57c3\u53ca\u5b66\u5bb6\u5df2\u7ecf\u4f53\u9a8c\u5230\u4e86\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u8981\u91c7\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u5171\u540c\u7684\u6807\u51c6, \u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u624b, \u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u82b1\u6837\u7684\u82b1\u6837\u7684\u76ee\u7684, \u800c\u662f\u5b81\u613f\u628a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u624b\u90fd\u8f6c\u5f55\u5230\u8c61\u5f62\u6587\u5b57 &#8220;\u3002<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5609\u4e01\u7eb3\u7684 &#8220;\u89e3\u91ca\/\u7406\u7531&#8221; \u57cb\u846c\u6309\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f [hieratic] \u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u4fdd\u8bc1, \u6709<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u5404\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u76ee\u7684.<\/span> \u540c\u6837\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u5b66\u9662\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u5e0c\u814a\u8bed\u3001\u7f57\u9a6c\u4eba\u6216\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u540c\u6837\u7684 &#8220;\u7ad9\u4e0d\u4f4f\u811a\u7684\u501f\u53e3&#8221;!<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ad9\u4e0d\u4f4f\u811a\u7684\u501f\u53e3\u53ea\u5728\u57c3\u53ca\u6587\u4e2d\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u6b3a\u9a97\u548c\u9690\u85cf\u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u4eba\u6309\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u4e66\u5199\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a19\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684 &#8220;\u897f\u65b9\u57c3\u53ca\u5b66\u5bb6&#8221; \u9634\u8c0b\u4e4b\u524d&#8211;\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u63d0\u6cd5\u8bf4\u660e\u8c61\u5f62\u6587\u5b57 (\u753b\u7b26\u53f7) \u548c hieratic\/demiatic\/\u5206\u5b57\u6bcd\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u5b57\u6bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002 \u76f8\u53cd, \u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u660e\u786e\u8bf4\u660e, \u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u591a\u4e48\u65e0\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>4. \u57c3\u53ca\u4eba\u6b7b\u4e86, \u4e07\u5c81 &#8220;\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u8bed&#8221; <\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u9690\u7792\u4e86 (\u53e4\u4ee3) \u57c3\u53ca\u5b57\u6bcd\u5199\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf, \u4f7f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u57c3\u53ca\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a\u8c61\u5f62\u6587\u5b57\u7684 &#8220;\u539f\u59cb\u56fe\u7247&#8221; \u7684\u96c6\u5408\u540e, \u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6253\u51fb\u662f\u5ba3\u5e03\u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u6b7b\u7684,\u5b83\u88ab &#8220;\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u8bed&#8221; \u6240\u53d6\u4ee3&#8211;\u51ed\u7a7a&#8211;!<\/p>\n<p>\u8bf4\u57c3\u53ca\u4eba\u8bf4 &#8220;\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u8bed&#8221; \u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u4e0d\u5408\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u3002 \u60c5\u51b5\u6b63\u597d\u76f8\u53cd: &#8220;\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4eba&#8221; \u5f88\u4e45\u4ee5\u524d\u5c31 &#8220;\u88ab&#8221; \u6536\u517b &#8220;, \u5e76\u7ee7\u7eed\u8bf4\u57c3\u53ca\u8bed\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u82f1\u56fd\u57c3\u53ca\u5b66\u5bb6\u827e\u4f26\u00b7\u5609\u4e01\u7eb3\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u4e66\u300a<em>\u57c3\u53ca\u8bed\u6cd5\u300b<\/em>\u7b2c3\u9875\u5199\u9053:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><em>&#8220;\u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u4eba\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u58f0\u4e50\u7cfb\u7edf\u786e\u5b9e\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5e0c\u4f2f\u6765\u8bed\u6216\u73b0\u4ee3\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u8bed\u7684\u9636\u6bb5&#8221;<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u57c3\u53ca\u4eba\u662f\u6240\u6709\u95ea\u7c73\u7279\u8bed\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2, \u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u90fd\u8bc1\u660e\u548c\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u81f3\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u652f\u67f1, \u5982\u8bed\u6cd5\u3001\u8bed\u6cd5\u7b49, \u5b83\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0e\u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u8bed\u8a00\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u82f1\u56fd\u57c3\u53ca\u5b66\u5bb6\u827e\u4f26\u00b7\u5609\u4e01\u7eb3\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a<em>\u57c3\u53ca\u8bed\u6cd5\u300b<\/em>\u7b2c2\u9875\u4e2d\u8bf4:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><strong><em>&#8220;\u57c3\u53ca\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e0e\u95ea\u7c73\u7279\u8bed (\u5e0c\u4f2f\u6765\u8bed\u3001\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u8bed\u3001\u963f\u62c9\u7c73\u8bed\u3001\u5df4\u6bd4\u4f26\u8bed\u7b49) \u6709\u5173, \u800c\u4e14\u4e0e\u4e1c\u975e\u8bed\u8a00 (\u52a0\u62c9\u3001\u7d22\u9a6c\u91cc\u8bed\u7b49) \u548c\u5317\u975e\u67cf\u67cf\u5c14\u8bed\u6709\u5173\u3002 \u5b83\u4e0e\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u8054\u7cfb, \u5171\u540c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u54c8\u5bc6\u7279\u5bb6\u65cf, \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u68d8\u624b\u7684\u95ee\u9898, \u4f46\u4e0e\u95ea\u7c73\u7279\u8bed\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f8\u5f53\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u754c\u5b9a\u3002 \u5728\u4e00\u822c\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d, \u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u975e\u5e38\u5927;\u57c3\u53ca\u4eba\u5177\u6709\u95ea\u7c73\u7279\u8bed\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u70b9, \u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u7684\u8bcd\u5e72\u7531\u8f85\u97f3\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u7ec4\u6210, \u4f5c\u4e3a\u89c4\u5219\u4e09\u7684\u6570\u91cf, \u8fd9\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u81f3\u5c11\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u3002 \u8bed\u6cd5\u62d0\u70b9\u548c\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f\u53d8\u5316\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u5143\u97f3\u4e0a\u6572\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684, \u5c3d\u7ba1\u9644\u52a0\u7684\u7ed3\u5c3e\u4e5f\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u540c\u6837\u7684\u76ee\u7684<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u8bed&#8221; \u5b8c\u5168\u7b26\u5408\u672c\u4e66\u7b2c15\u7ae0\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u53e4\u8001\u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8bed\u8a00\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u5305\u62ec (\u4f46\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e) \u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u539f\u578b\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u3001\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c\u8bed\u6cd5, \u5982\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3001\u52a8\u8bcd\u6839\u3001\u52a8\u8bcd\u8bcd\u5e72\u3001\u52a8\u8bcd\u7c7b\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u5171\u8f6d\u65b9\u6848\u548c\u57c3\u53ca\u539f\u578b\u8bcd\u6e90&#8211;\u8bcd\u6e90\u548c\u8bcd\u5f62&#8211;\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u95f4\u5143\u97f3\u548c\u524d\u7f00\u3001\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u540e\u7f00\u7b49, \u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u8bcd\u6839 (\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u6982\u5ff5) \u884d\u751f\u6210\u8bb8\u591a\u6a21\u5f0f;\u9664\u4e86\u97f3\u8282\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u540c\u6b65\u8bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u548c\u53e5\u5b50\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>[\u6458\u5f55\u81ea\u6458\u5f55\u00a0 Ancient Egyptian Universal Writing Modes \u5199\u7684 \u83ab\u65af\u5854\u4f10\u2022\u845b\u8fbe\u62c9\uff08Moustafa Gadalla\uff09]<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/zh\/product\/ancient-egyptian-universal-writing-modes\/\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/product\/ancient-egyptian-universal-writing-modes\/<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/books2read-prod.s3.amazonaws.com\/CACHE\/images\/ubl_book_images\/book_display_image_47HRC95\/515452d8b8f6b949614788303f629e63\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/zh\/product\/ancient-egyptian-universal-writing-modes\/\"><strong style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/product\/ancient-egyptian-universal-writing-modes\/<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<div dir=\"auto\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u57c3\u53ca\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u5199\u4f5c\u5f62\u5f0f &nbsp; 1. \u57c3\u53ca\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u65f6\u4ee3 \u5927\u591a\u6570\u73b0\u4ee3\u897f\u65b9\u5b66\u8005\u660e\u786e\u548c\u542b\u84c4\u5730\u7533\u660e, \u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u5b57\u6bcd (\u548c\u8bed\u8a00) \u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u3002 \u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u4eba\u7684\u6587\u5b66\u300b\u4e2d, \u5fb7\u56fd\u57c3\u53ca\u5b66\u5bb6\u963f\u9053\u592b\u00b7\u57c3\u5c14\u66fc\u627f\u8ba4: &#8220;\u53ea\u6709\u57c3\u53ca\u4eba\u6ce8\u5b9a\u8981\u91c7\u53d6\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u51e1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5, \u7136\u540e\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5199\u4f5c\u5f62\u5f0f, \u5373\u5b57\u6bcd\u8868\u3002 . .&#8221; \u82f1\u56fd\u57c3\u53ca\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u00b7\u76ae\u7279\u91cc\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u300b\u4e2d\u603b\u7ed3\u9053: &#8220;\u4ece\u53f2\u524d\u65f6\u671f\u5f00\u59cb, \u57c3\u53ca\u80af\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u7ebf\u6027\u7b26\u53f7\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u8349\u4e66\u7cfb\u7edf, \u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u591a\u6837\u6027\u548c\u533a\u522b\u3002 \u8bed\u8a00\u65b9\u9762\u6700\u6770\u51fa\u7684\u6743\u5a01, \u827e\u8428\u514b\u00b7\u6cf0\u52d2, \u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u4e66\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u5386\u53f2,\u7b2c1\u5377, [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-20794","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20794","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20794"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20794\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/egyptianwisdomcenter.org\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20794"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}